FLOATING TREATMENT WETLANDS   |   VETIVER PLANT

A broad range of emergent macrophyte species have been used in constructed wetlands world-wide with success to date. The choice of species often comes down to selecting locally occurring native species that exhibit vigorous growth with extensive root systems within polluted or nutrient-rich waters under the local climatic conditions, such as the common reed (phragmites australis), typha latifolia, and vetiver zizanioides.

The common reed is widely used throughout Europe, Asia, and Australia while the typha species have effectively been used in floating treatment wetlands in Canada and the USA.

The vetiver plant however, is a very versatile plant as it can withstand extreme conditions. It can be cultivated in most countries, and thrives in tropical conditions. There are many features which renders this plant suitable for this application.

• Long living
• Covers a wide range of temperatures (-14ºC to greater than 55ºC)
• Can grow in different soil pH levels
• Can withstand rainfall levels from 300mm to greater than 5000mm
• Tolerant to all heavy metals
• Saline tolerant
• Fire tolerant
• Impervious to pests and diseases
• Powerful and deep root system
• Non competitive and non invasive
• Stiff stems which are resistant to high velocity flows

The vetiver grass also thrives in wetland environments. It is extremely tolerant to many agricultural contaminants such as pesticides and herbicides, thus making it an effective solution to treating agricultural runoff. It also performs well when purifying sewage, wastewater and storm water.

The vetiver grass is a low cost, environmentally friendly method that is exceptional for the treatment of water. It only requires little pest management and has already been taken advantage of in many countries.

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