Reference Library

Floating
Attractions / Marina

> Guidelines for Marina Berthing Facilities (140pg)
> Design for Canoe & Kayak Launches (117pg)
> Layout, Design & Construction Handbook for Small Craft (47pg)
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Floating Breakwater

> Three-Dimension Analysis of Moored Cylinder Used As Breakwaters (253pg)
> Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamics of a Moored Cylinder To Be Used As a Breakwaters (271pg)
> Breakwater Stability Under Tsunami Attack for a Site In Nicaragua (220pg)
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Floating Wetland

> Guidelines to Wetland Planning and Construction
> Design Features of a Constructed Mini Wet Pond for Water Quality Control & Runoff Storage (13PG)
> Development of Putrajaya Wetland for Stormwater Pollution Control (8PG)
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Floating Boom

> Environmental Counter Pollution (18pg)
> Design of Movable Weirs and Storm Surge Barriers (10pg)
> Floating Debris Boom Design Recommendations - Based on physical model study & literature review at UNM (22pg)
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Alum & Timber Product

> Australian Hardwood & Cypress: Technical & Detailing Guide (32pg)
>

Boardwalk Engineering Guide (12pg)

> Boardwalk (39pg)

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Marine Supply

> Chapter 9 – Fender Systems (31pg)
> Department of Defence Handbook-Mooring Design (264pg)
> Fentek-Marine Fendering Systems (48pg)
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 | FLOATING BREAKWATERS  | BOAT WAKE   | STEPFLOAT |
 
Breakwaters are structures used to attenuate or eliminate waves. They help create sheltered region to prevent damage to shorelines, harbors and other natural or man-made marine structure.

Floating Breakwaters has been developed relatively recently. Some of the advantages are:

  1. Floating Breakwaters are less expensive than fixed structures in deeper water i.e. > 10 ft. (Hales 1981).
  2. Floating Breakwaters can effectively attenuate moderate wave heights i.e. < 6.5 ft (Tsinker 1995).
  3. Poor soil conditions may make Floating Breakwaters more feasible to use than heavy rubble fixed breakwaters (McCartney 1985).
  4. Floating Breakwaters produce minimal interference on Water circulation, sediment transport and fish migration (Kelly 1999).
  5. Floating Breakwaters can be easily moved and rearranged in different layouts or transported to another site (Hales 1981).
  6. If ice formation a problem, Floating Breakwaters can be removed from the site (McCartney 1985).
  7. Floating Breakwaters are not as obtrusive as fixed breakwaters and can be more aesthetically pleasing (McCartney 1985).

Some of the disadvantages are:

  1. Floating Breakwaters are less effective in reducing wave height for slow waves than fixed structures are; a practical upper limit for the design wave period in the range of 4 to 6 seconds (Tsinker 1995).
  2. Floating Breakwaters are susceptible to structural failure during catastrophic storms (Tsinker 1995).
  3. If the structure fails and is detached from its mooring, the hard structure breakwater may become a hazard (Kelly, 1999).
  4. Relative to fixed breakwaters, Floating Breakwaters require a higher amount of maintenance (Tsinker, 1995).

Application of Floating Breakwater

Floating breakwaters are gaining in importance for the protection from severe waves nowadays simply because the are multi-functional structures. Floating breakwaters have many potential applications for boat basin protection and boat ramp protection. Presently, most floating breakwaters provide a degree of protection from short-period wind waves or boat wake at semi-sheltered sites in estuaries, reservoirs, marinas, lakes and rivers. A safe sheltered zone can be established at the lee side of the floating structure in order to meet both the environmental or commercial need at coastal areas.

Currently, the interest in floating breakwaters mainly comes from the military for construction deployable ports, from the pleasure boat market, and from expanding commercial harbours. Most of these sites will need some form of perimeter protection. Even a sheltered site will likely require some separation between the berthing area and the river or outlet to reduce short period waves and boat wash and keep out floating debris. Floating breakwater is the best solution to the problems. It can provide a versatile means of protecting any marina or dockage area as well as providing the best protection both from wind waves as well as wave created by boat traffic.

Besides, floating breakwaters also provide a certain extent of shoreline erosion control. They can reduce or prevent the costly consequences of lakeshore or seashore erosion. Floating breakwaters can also provide a protected area of water such as near beaches, and around constructed projects at nearshore or offshore from severe waves. Some of the floating breakwaters are found suitable to be applied as docks for mooring boats in non-storm condition, e.g. floating pontoon. For some practical uses, they can act as a swim area barrier, debris boom, etc. They can be useful even in the most unusual applications such as sewage ponds, etc., by simply helping to moderate the wave or providing accesses from one place to another

 

 

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